The Abramsverse Trek has really changed the whole ST timeline.

Supposedly there is a deleted scene that shows a disabled Narada (thanks to George Kirk ramming the Kelvin)


A deleted scene from the film establishes that the Narada was crippled after it was rammed by the Kelvin. A convoy of Klingon warbirds eventually arrived and captured the ship and its crew. Twenty five years later, Nero and his crew escaped from their imprisonment on Rura Penthe, reclaimed the Narada, used the ship to destroy 47 Klingon warbirds, and continued on their mission.

it goes on to say...

The scans the Kelvin took of the Narada's 24th century technology (that went with the survivors on the shuttles) were used by 23rd century Starfleet to reverse engineer the more "advanced" technology seen in the alternate timeline, according to a post by Star Trek screenwriter Roberto Orci on Ain't It Cool News.

So if the Klingons had the Narada then they would have attempted to reverse engineer some if it's technology.

This is why the USS Enterprise looks totally different, it technologically superior to the Prime Universe's Enterprise. So the A, B, C, D, and E along with the Reliant, and Voyager should all look different and more advanced.

Hmmmmm, curious.

Source: Narada Info

A sequel to the Star Trek comic Countdown is coming. Countdown is a comic book prequel to the Trek reboot movie. The sequel to Countdown is titled Nero. It will delve into all of the things you reported about. So we will likely see just how the Narada did indeed upset the balance of technology in the Trek reboot universe. Nero will cover the gap between the destruction of the USS Kelvin and the main events of the reboot movie.